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42 ataert, d, the ottoan epire 1700-1922, cabrid 2005
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44 sayari, s, politics, parties, and elections turkey, boulder 2002
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附錄 奧斯曼王朝蘇丹世系表
奧斯曼:1281‐1326年在位
烏爾汗:1326‐1362年在位
穆拉德一世:1362‐1389年在位
巴葉濟德一世:1389‐1402年在位
穆罕默德一世:1413‐1421年在位
穆拉德二世:1421‐1451年在位
穆罕默德二世:1451‐1